CCO 1: Research, Experimentation and Data Analysis
I. Students will be able to analyze and report observations and data in a manner that synthesizes chemical theory and experimental proof according to the scientific method, making use of conversions as necessary, appropriate units and error analysis in a manner that is clear, thorough and in accordance with laboratory report requirements.
1. Scientific Method, Data and Conversions (SMS S-7, 8)
a. Understand the use of scientific notation and significant figures. Be able to utilize both in calculations.
b. Understand and make use of the steps of the Scientific method, including experimental design, data collection and types of data and creation of laboratory reports, including graphing and interpreting data using computer and manual means. (7.1.A.a-g; 7.1.B.a-f;7.1.C.a-c;7.1.D.a-b;7.1.E.a)
c. Convert common metric and imperial units from one to another.
d. Calculate and utilize the concept of density (1.1.A.a)
2. Data Analysis
a. Analyze experimental data from a qualitative perspective
b. Complete variable analysis (mean, standard deviation) for data collected in experimentation
c. Graphically analyze precision and accuracy of data.
3. Content laboratory work (SMS S-7)
a. Complete a laboratory report of all experiments completed, including purpose, procedure, data, observations, results, conclusions and error analysis. (7.1.A.a-g; 7.1.B.a-f;7.1.C.a-c;7.1.D.a-b;7.1.E.a)
b. Complete laboratory work on content related topics. (7.1.A.a-g; 7.1.B.a-f;7.1.C.a-c;7.1.D.a-b;7.1.E.a)
4. Experimental Design
a. Analyze real world questions from the perspective of a critical investigator
b. Create and research original questions
c. Analyze validity of personal conclusions, potential biases and errors in original research conclusions.
CCO II: Properties and Atomic Structure of Matter (Basics)
I. Students will be able to explain the behavior of atoms in terms of their subatomic particles, utilizing accepted chemical abbreviations, and interactions with other atoms, making predictions as to future behaviors using electron configurations and gas law equations.
1. The Atom: History of the atom, Subatomic particles, electron behavior ( Orbitals, Electron configurations) (SMS S-1, S-6)
a. Be able to correctly determine number of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms and ions and calculate atomic mass utilizing isotopic amounts and masses. (1.1.E.a-c)
b. Compare and contrast the various atomic models using all the material presented in the unit (1.1.C)
c. Correctly write the full and noble gas abbreviated electron configuration for atoms and ions, including exceptions, and describe the orbitals represented in the configuration (1.1.H.a)
d. Complete calculations using c=λν and E=hν and explain the relationship between wavelength, frequency and energy in electromagnetic radiation such as in AES. (1.2.A.c)
2. Nuclear chemistry (SMS S-1, S-6)
a. Describe nuclear decay, explaining why and how atoms undergo these processes and (HC only) write the specific nuclear decay equations for alpha decay, beta decay, positron emission and electron capture.
b. Describe the real world uses of nuclear chemistry, including medicine, nuclear fission, and nuclear fusion and defend a personal stand on modern use of this technology.
3. Gas behavior: Gas laws, PVnRT (SMS S-1,6)
a. Evaluate states of matter and its relationship to energy using Kinetic Molecular Theory (1.1.A.c-d, 1.1.D.a-c)
b. Interpret a phase change diagram(1.1.G.a)
c. Solve for any variable using Boyles, Charles, Gay Lusaacs, the Combined Gas Laws, Dalton’s and Ideal Gas Laws to support a description of gas behavior, including diffusion and effusion using Grahams Law
4. Analysis and Synthesis
a. Defend content answers through use of examples and verbal explanation of content-relevant material
b. Apply content specific topics to new and unfamiliar situations
CCO III: Understand and Interpret Tables and Trends
I. Students will be able to utilize the trends and areas identified on the periodic table to compare atoms and predict behaviors.
1. Periodic table: placements and trends (SMS S-6)
a. Accurately describe and analyzed all four periodic trends (atomic radius, ionic radium, ionization energy and electronegativity), as well as being able to apply these trends to comparisons. (1.1.F.a;1.1.F.c)
b. Discuss the history and development of periodic tables up to the modern table and know the names of groups and regions on the periodic table(1.1.F.b)
c. Apply knowledge of trends and periodic table information to new situations in order to draw conclusions about unfamiliar molecules and atoms.
CCO IV: Properties and Principles of Forces of Attraction in Matter
I. Students will be able to analyze compounds in terms of matter classification, transformations, bond type, molecular structure and IUPAC appropriate name.
1. Compounds (SMS S-6, SMS S-1))
a. Understand and describe the law of conservation of matter including general properties and organization of matter. (1.1.A.d;1.1.A.b;1.1.A.c;1.1.D.a;1.1.D.b;1.1.I.a)
b. Evaluate covalent, polar covalent, and ionic bonds with respects to electrons, strength, and bond distance and predict bond type based on electronegativity and periodic table placement (1.1.F.c)
c. Write the correct formula for an ionic or covalent compound give its name and the correct name for an ionic or covalent compound given its formula (1.1.I.b)
d. Recognize and be able to write the formula of common acids and bases (1.1.I.b)
2. Structure
a. (HC only) Describe a molecular utilizing Lewis Dot structures, 3D VSEPR geometry, VSEPR abbreviations, and hybridization and defend your description using electronegativity, formal charge, and resonance.
b. Create Lewis Dot structures for basic atoms, ions and compounds.
c. Defend derived structure logically and chemical utilizing expected configurations, VSEPR, formal charge and resonance.
CCO V: Properties and Principles of Reactions
II. Students will be able to explain chemical reactions on a molecular level, utilizing chemical equations, mole relationships and stoichiometric predictions, including analyzing the kinetic relationship of a reaction’s behavior.
1. Solubility, Reactions (SMS S-1, 6)
a. Identify the type of reaction and write the correct chemical equation for any reaction given the reaction in words, including correct formula of reactants and products, coefficients to balance the number of atoms and phase indicators. (1.1.H.c; 1.1.H.d;1.1.I.b)
b. Write and interpret ionic and net ionic equations using solubility rules (1.1.H.d, 1.1.I.b)
2. Moles
a. Discuss the importance of the mole in chemical formulas, equations and measurements and convert between moles, particles and liters and complete percent composition calculations.
b. Determine the empirical or molecular formula of a compound given mass or percentage
3. Stoichiometry (involving masses, gas laws, solutions) (SMS S-1, 7)
a. Utilize stoichiometric calculations to determine amount of product produced given an amount of reactant (1.1.H.d; 1.1.I.b)
b. Determine limiting reagent and apply limiting reagent calculations to stoichiometry (1.1.H.d; 1.1.I.b)
c. Determine percent yield and percent error for a reaction and interpret the success of a reaction based on these numbers. (1.1.H.d; 1.1.I.b)
d. Solve stoichiometric equations when gases are products or reactants (1.1.D.a-c, 1.1.I.a-b)
4. (HC Only) Kinetics
a. Explain dynamic equilibrium and how it pertains to chemical reactions.
b. Describe reaction position and responses to change using Keq, Q and Le Chatelier’s Principle.
c. Utilize ICE tables to determine Keq or equilibrium concentrations of substances given initial concentrations.
CCO VI: Properties of SolutionsVI. Students will be able to explain the behaviors of solutions based on their identity, colligative properties, and solubility, making predictions and predictive calculations based on ion relationships and acid/base interactions.
1. Solutions and Concentration (SMS S-1, 6)
a. Recognize and describe heterogeneous mixtures to include suspensions and colloids and homogeneous mixtures to include all phases of matter (1.1.B.a)
b. Use and interpret a temperature-solubility graph and explain/evaluate the factors affecting solvation(1.1.B.a ,1.1.B.c)
c. Explain the factors, effects, and calculate for any variable of the colligative property of boiling point elevation and freezing point depression(1.1.D.a-b)
d. Solve for any variable when working with percent mass, percent volume, molarity, molality or mole fraction (1.1.B.a)
2. Stoichiometry (involving solutions) (SMS S-1, 7)
a. Solve and explain solution-based stoichiometric equations (1.1.I.a)
b. (HC Only) Solve for the concentration of any ion remaining in a completed solution-based reaction (1.1.I.a)
3. AB Theory and Calculations: Neutralization calculations, pH, pOH, etc calcs (SMS S-1, 6)
a. Explain the use of hydronium in acid/base chemistry and identify conjugate acid and base pairs (1.1.B.b)
b. Calculate concentrations of H3O+ and OH- and pH/pOH and interpret the resulting numbers in terms of alkalinity and acidity. (1.1.B.b)
c. Complete neutralization reactions. (1.1.B.b)
4. Application
a. Utilize the above in unfamiliar situations and real world applications
b. Defend all decisions utilizing logical perspectives and content related information.
CCO VII: Science Literacy (Common Core)
VI. Students will be able to comprehend scientific reading material appropriate to each aforementioned standard, including identification of keys ideas and details, explanation of course material within context, and integration of previous knowledge into analysis as well as being able to craft appropriate scientific writings of their own following the same requirements.
1. Key Ideas and details
a. Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to important distinctions the author makes and to any gaps or inconsistencies in the account.
b. Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; summarize complex concepts, processes, or information presented in a text by paraphrasing them in simpler but still accurate terms.
c. Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks; analyze the specific results based on explanations in the text.
2. Craft and Structure
a. Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 11–12 texts and topics.
b. Analyze how the text structures information or ideas into categories or hierarchies, demonstrating understanding of the information or ideas.
c. Analyze the author’s purpose in providing an explanation, describing a procedure, or discussing an experiment in a text, identifying important issues that remain unresolved.
3. Integration of ideas and knowledge
a. Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in diverse formats and media (e.g., quantitative data, video, multimedia) in order to address a question or solve a problem.
b. Evaluate the hypotheses, data, analysis, and conclusions in a science or technical text, verifying the data when possible and corroborating or challenging conclusions with other sources of information
c. Synthesize information from a range of sources (e.g., texts, experiments, simulations) into a coherent understanding of a process, phenomenon, or concept, resolving conflicting information when possible.
4. Range of Reading and Text complexity
a. By the end of grade 12, read and comprehend science/technical texts in the grades 11–CCR text complexity band independently and proficiently.
CCOVIII: Communication
VIII. Students will be able to communicate results from content-related experiments and original research both orally and in written form, conveying the process followed and results of the experiment, including possible shortcomings or inconsistencies that could affect the validity of results, through presentation, written work and question/answer sessions.
1. Oral communication
a. Convey research findings in an easily understandable format, providing analysis of possible flaws and positive aspects of the findings
b. Field questions regarding processes, experimentation, data collection and analyses utilized in research project
2. Written communication
a. Provide a thorough written report of content-related lab work and original research
i. Contains thorough numbered procedure
ii. Details background information on chemicals and equipment being use, including uses, dangers and other concerns present in the experiment
iii. All information is written in a professional manner, in permanent ink, with mistakes marked out with a single line and all papers permanently attached to the pages of the notebook
iv. Data is present in a clear, well label table with results summarized in their own section
v. Calculations are done legibly in their own section of the report
vi. A thorough conclusion summarizes the experiment, explains the results and details sources of error or concern in the experiment. At least 3 sources of error of concerns are explained with regards to their effect on the experimental results and how they can be avoided in the future.
b. Summarize and analyze primary source material or research studies with regard to their validity and plausibility, discussing possible improvements or further questions that develop.
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